Mortising auger or machine



N0. 625,008. Patented May I6, |899. J. D. WOOD.

MORTISING AUSER 0B MACHINE.

(Application filed July 2, 189B.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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No. 625,008. Patented may la, |899.

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MOBTISING AUSER 0R MACHINE.

(Application tiled July 2, 1898.) (No Model.) -2 Sheets-Sheet'Z.

more Ln'Ho., wAsmNG-ron n c l NrTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH D. WOOD, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

Mon-USING AUGER R MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 62 5,008, dated May 16, 1899. Application flied July 2, 1898. Serial No. 685,074. (No model.)

To all whom t muy concern:

Be it known thatI, JOSEPH D. WOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mortising Angers or Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in mortising angers or machines and pertains to a machine or auger constructed to drill a rectangular opening..

The object of my invention is to provide a machine consisting of an auger and chisel surrounding the auger shaped to cut, in conjunction with the auger, a rectangular opening, all of which will be fully described hereinafter and particularly referred to in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of Va machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is an inverted perspective view of the top plate carrying the divided nut. Fig. 4 is a detail view of one of the chisels in elevation. Fig. 5 is a similar View of the coacting disk for effecting the vertical movement of the chisel. Fig. 6 is a verticalsectional viewillustrating a slight modification in respect to the manner of holding the chisel. Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the clamp for holding the machine to the wood being operated upon. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 are detail views of the modification shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 12 is a detail perspective view of the slide for holding the lower ends of the chisels in position. ing a modication of the construction for operating the driving-shaft.l

The base of the vmachine consists of the two separated parallel beams 1, which are adapted to rest upon the timber or other work being mortised, the same being provided on their upper sides and at their rear ends with thev vertical posts 2. These vertical posts 2 are pivoted at their lower ends to the outer side of the base-pieces l, and projecting from the base-pieces are the slotted segments 4. Passing through these segments 4 and into the standards 2 are the clamping-bolts 3', by means of which the standards may be set at any desired angle to the base for the purpose vided nut.

Fig. 13 is a View show-A of boring either a Vertical or an angular opening, as will be readily understood. The upper ends of the standards are provided with reduced projections 5, which pass through mortises in the ends of the cross head 6, which is held in position upon the top of the lstandard through the medium of the pin' 7. This cross-head 6 is provided with an opening through which a screw-threaded rod 8 passes, and this cross-headis provided witha divided nut 9. This nutis preferably situated at the under side of the cross-head and has one of its ends pivotally connected, through the mel dium of bolts 10,`to the cross-head and their other ends provided with projecting lips 11. Pivoted to one end of the cross-head is a latch 12, provided with a notch which embraces the projecting lips 11 of the divided nut, whereby the nut is held closed and may be readily opened by the lifting of the latch.

Sliding between the upper ends of the stand ards 2 is a frame 13, which carries a rotatable rod 14, the upper end of the rod being screwthreaded and passing through the said di- The lower end of this rod passes through the lower end of the frame 13 and is provided atits lower end with avertical socket 15. The rod 14 is provided with a bevel-gear 16, and j ournaled at opposite sides'upon shaft 17 are beveled pinions 18, engaging opposite sides of the pinions 16. The shaft 17 at the right of Fig. 1 is provided with a handle 19, while the shaft at the left of the figure is provided with apinion 20. Journaled at a point above the pinion 20 is a second pinion 2l, secured to av shaft 22, which projects through the vertically-moving frame, and said shaft is made rectangular in cross-section,as shown, carrying at its outer end a crank-handle 23. This shaft 22 is provided intermediate its ends with a pinion 24, adapted to engage a rack 25, carried upon one of the standards 2. This pinion 24 is provided with a ratchet 26, and sliding upon the shaft 22, between the handle 23 and the ratchet 26, is a clutch 27.

When this clutch 27 is moved inward in en gagement with the ratchet 26, it will be noted that the pinion 24, which is loose upon the.

shaft 22, will be revolved and that the verti-v IOO cally-moving frame can be raised or lowered by the rotation of the shaft 22. The object of this construction is to enable the verticallymoving frame tofbe lnoved upwardl rapidly, and this is accomplished by opening the divided nut 9 after releasing its catch, which will permit the screw-threaded rod and its vertically-moving frame to be moved up and down freely, as will be readily understood.

The auger-disk: 30 has its upper end constructed to pass in the socket 15 of the screwthreaded rod and to beheld in position'by means of a' set-screw in the usual manner. The disk is provided ata-point just above the twist thereof'with ashoulder or sleeve 3l, and above this point is secured a plate 32, having its cylindrical lower portion 33 screwed into the collar 31.

The chisels 34C have their lower ends made in rectangular form, as clearly shown, and theirnpper ends provided with reduced projections 35, passing through openings formed in the plate 32, and the chisels are cut away at their edges near their upper ends, as shown at 36, to permit the outward passage of the disk. The-upper ends of the chisels and their inner sides are provided with shoulders 37, which engage above the sleeve 31 and serve, together with the plate thereabove, to hold them in their proper positions and yet permit them an independent vertical movement between the sleeve and the plate. The upper ends of these chisels project through the plate a suitable distance in their independent vertical movement, and placed loosely upon the disks at a point above the plate is a plate 40, having at its-upper side a groove which receives a-series ofiballs 41. Secured to the disk above this plate 40 is a second plate 43, having at its underside coacting grooves in which the ballsll also rest. This plate 43 is set at an angleso that as it rotates it is given an eccentric or up-and-down movement in relation to ahorizontal line. This up-and-down movement is conveyed to the loose plate 40, which engages the upper ends of the chisels, whereby as the bit is rotated the chisels are given an independent successi-ve movement, whereby the-operation of the machine is much easier than'if all the chisels were forced at the same time into the wood.

Surrounding and sliding upon the lower ends of the chisels is a rectangular collar 45, which holds the chisels in their proper position and is provided at its under side with the brads 16 tov beforced into the wood and to prevent the collar from rotating, and consequently to prevent the rotation or movement ofthe chisels, whereby they are held in the desired4 relative relation; The collar is presides of the auger. This construction is especially desirable when small openings and small chisels are to be used, thus enabling me to ,make stronger chisels than is possible where four separate ones are used. Also in this construction-that is, when small chisels are tused-the shoulders-will be formed upon the outside of the chisel, as shown in Fig. 6, and the collar for holding them in position will lbe of the construction also shown in Figs. 6,

9, 10, and 11, whereby they embrace the outer sides of the chisels instead of their inner sides, which enables me to make stronger chisels than wouldbe practical when the construction before described is used.

Instead of using the mechanism described in Fig. 1 for operating the screw-threaded rod the-construction shown in Fig. 13 may be used, which is simpler and yet in some respects not so desirable. Thisconstruction being old and common need not be speciiically described. In this event the mechanism for raising and lowering the sliding frame, and thereby the mortising implement, is omitted, the frame to be raised by hand when the dividing nut is opened for releasing the screwthreaded rod, as will be readily understood.

Any desired form of fastening may be used for holding the base l to the wood being operated upon; but- I prefer to use a clampsuch as clearly illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8. This clamp consists ofthe slotted bars 50, secured to the frame and projecting outward to the side thereof. The inner sides of the slots in these bars 50 are provided with longitudinal projections or teeth 51,.,and vertical bars 52, providedlat opposite sides with teeth 53, are adapted to slide in the slots of the bars 50 and to be adj ustedvertieally to suit the thick- IOO IOS

ness of the work being operated upon, as will be readily understood. The lower ends of the rods 52 are bifurcatedand receive a cam 54 and also a pivoted dog 55. By means of this arrangement the pivoted dog can be forced into the wood forholding the machine steady and iny the desired position. The

lower ends of the cam 54 and the dog 55 are provided with interlocking hooks 56, whereby an opposite movement of the cam will;

withdraw the dog from the wood, thus releasing the machine.

While I have here shown and described my disk as being used and especially adapted to be used in connection with a machine like that illustrated in Fig. 1, the bit is also adapted to be used in connection with an ordinary brace. The bit can be inserted in an ordinary brace and can be operated without the machine before described, and I do not therefore desire to limit the use of my bit in connection with the machine such as here shown.

Although I have shown my machine provided with crank' to be operated by hand, it will be readily understood that a pulley may be placed upon the drive-shaft instead of they cranks and the machine driven by powerwithout in any way departing from the spirit IIO the axis of the auger'situated between said rigid plate and the ends of the chisels and adapted to engage the latter for reciprocating them in succession as the auger is rotated, substantially as described.

2. An improved mortising-machine comprising the auger,the independently-movable chisels, the disks arranged upon the axis of the auger immediately above the chisels, the same being mounted thereon at an acute angle, the bearing-balls between the disks the outer or upper disk bei-ng fixed to the auger-axis, and the lower disk loose thereon and adapted to bear upon the chisel extremities in succession, substantially as shown and described.

3. An improved mortising-machine comprising the auger, the chisels, a band encircling the chisels adjacent their lower ends, 3o

the band provided with mem-bers for engaging the work being operated upon to prevent its rotation, and an operating mechanism, substantially as described.

4. An improved mortising-machine oom- 35 prising the mortisingvmechanism, the base, laterally-projecting slotted members at the sides of the base, vertical bars provided with teeth adapted to slide between and vertically adjustable upon the said laterally-extending 4o arms, dogs carried by the bars, and cams for operating the dogs,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH D. WOOlD.

Witnesses:

DAVID M. SNEDDON, FRED. W. BAILEY. 

